Movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie - Essay Example An example of this taken from the movie is when the wife Mrs. Smith is at a neighbors party and is holding a baby. The husband then reacts a certain way. The wife is performing an action that normally would not be performed and this persuades the husband to act in a certain way. Compliance resisting is the refusal of a target of influence message to comply with requests. This is shown many times throughout the movie. One significant example is when Mrs. Smith discusses redecorating and the purchase of new curtains. The wife intends to act as a normal wife does. Acting like a normal wife is the wife’s goal to try and persuade the husband into thinking the wife is someone she is not. This backfires as the target (Mr. Smith) reacts in a way that is not expected. Hurtful messages are messages that create feelings of pain and emotional upset. Hurtful messages do not begin in the movie until the couple finds out that they are similar to one another. A specific example of this is whe n the two are advised to kill one another. After they both realize that they are instructed to kill one another they begin producing hurtful messages. The hurtful messages are described when Mrs. Smith is driving in the car and talking to her husband on the phone. They both are relaying hurtful messages to one another.

History assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History - Assignment Example The increase in the amount of coffee taken to the factories marked the economic resurgence of the United States. In the last years of the 18th century, there was an increase in the amount of cotton production. This was because of the acquisition of slaves from Africa and other economically poor countries in the world. The main reason as to why the United States carrying out their census is so that they can understand and have the ability to plan their future without the fear of having misconceptions on the issue. The compromise that assisted the country to deal with its debt problem was that it had immense national relations with other countries. The fact that its relations with other countries made sure that it received the necessary advice that it required on how to resolve its issues. It learned how to utilize its resources fully while using minimal of them and taking the least amount of time and money. Fallen timbers are stores packed with entertainment material located in the United States in the state of Ohio. The second revolution that terrified many of the United States citizens was the concept of recession. Recession was a factor that faced the United States at the beginning of the 19h century. The country faced a hard economic time during that period and it characterized by hiked prices of basic commodities. The hike in prices instilled a lot of fear in the citizens of the United States. Thomas Pickney became the vice president of the United States of America due to his increased popularity. He also had very strong economic points that gave him a competitive advantage. There was the increased popularity basing from his knowledge in the field of economics. With this background, people had strong backing for him and that was the reason he took the vice president’s position in the country. The XYZ affair refers to the diplomatic actions that took place between the United States and France. The episode involved the two nations making

Harry Potter Movie Review

Harry Potter Movie Review The Harry Potter series has always been an attractive choice amongst a wide variety of viewers much with the book as with its film series. Each motion picture brings more adventure and excitement than the previous; audiences are eager to watch how Harry Potter and his friends grow up in each film. Harry Potter returns in his fifth episode of the series in Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. The book is actually more complex and much longer than the movie. This film shows how all the young wizards are growing up and how forthcoming adulthood is coming fearfully fast, with some hurdles. Harry is expelled from Hogwarts for using magic outside of the school, although it was for self defense. Once again, the plot as well as the unique talents and personalities of each of its characters, along with a masterful production full of special visual effects, transport us to the magical world of Harry, fulfilling the expectations of a loyal audience of Harry Potters fans. The above combination makes each movie a must see to the viewer. Adaptation from Book to Movie The process of adapting the book into the movie was very complicated for the screenwriter Michael Goldenberg. Since the book is longer, provides many more details of the story so Michael had to shorten it to create a reasonable timeline for the length the movie. There are many differences between the structure of the story in the book and the structure in the movie. For example, in the actual book, Harry and his acquaintances create a group that becomes known as the Dumbledores Army. They need a secret place to gather so they can learn and practice defensive spells away from the intrusive eyes of Dolores Umbridge, so they go to Dobby for help. In the movie, Dobby is completely absent. There is also an alteration of the ending scene where Harry and his team fight the soul eaters and Voldemort himself inside the Ministry of Magic. In the book Harry and his friends have to pass through several magic rooms to finally get to Voldemort and in the movie the magic rooms are left out and take the characters straight to the point of the fight. If the storyline of the movie were to be produced identical as it is in the book, it would be too long and it would exceed any films budget. Special Visual Effects In Harry Potter and the order of Phoenix, supervisor Tim Burke made sure the film was done surpassing the previous ones with new creatures and environmental effects, for this he contracted the Movie Picture Company (MPC) and Double Negative which was largely responsible for creating the sets, building environments, and backgrounds for the movie. The Movie Picture Company was in charge of enhancing the magic effects in fight scenes of the movie. The lighting and creation of new magical creatures in the movie was done by Frame store CFC and Industrial Light Magic. One example where the blend of lighting and special effects editing are brought together in action is the scene where Dumbledore battles Lord Voldemort. In the scene both characters are shooting each other with flaming blasts from their wands, which is an example of a computer generated effect and the part where Voldemort screams and all the glass in the building shatters is a handmade effect by the people who constructed th e stage scene. The lighting in the scene is dark since the characters are in a building and it is a dark conflict scene. In all Harry Potter films, the conflict or fight scenes all are with dark lighting. The unique blend of special effects in the movie is what makes the movie very attractive to many of its viewers. Set Design/Filming The set designer for the first four Harry Potter films, Stuart Craig, comes forth to help with the fifth film set design. The overall inspiration of classical architecture of Hogwarts in the film comes from underground subway stations in London. The whole actual set and movie shots are done in the prime location which an old aircraft is manufacturing facility called Leavesden Film Studios located in England. One of the biggest set structures in the movie is the Ministry of Magic. It is a massive 220 foot long practical city within a city, Consisting of more than 30,000 individually placed tiles on multiple levels (Horn). There is a big part of the set that was built by hand and there are some portions that are digitally edited in. One prime example of a purely digital made structure would be the Hall of Prophecies room in the school. The final fight scene between Dumbledore and Voldemort takes place in the hall of prophecies. The part where the windows shatter to the ground when Vold emort surrenders is all digitally done, if that were part of a real set structure, it wouldve taken weeks to be re-built. The filming for the movie was done on and off set in various locations around England. The majority of the interior film shots were done in the studio and others such as the flight scenes and Harrys trial were done at outside locations. The flight scene where Harry and his friends fly to Number Twelve, Grimmauld Place, and the flight of Dumbledores Army to the Ministry of Magic were done at River Thames in southern England. The creativeness and dedication of the set crew and production really pays off in the end when audiences watch the final product in action. Casting Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix features a world class cast consisting of some original actors and characters along with new ones. The key characters play a crucial role in this movie as well as the previous ones because the overall plot focuses on Harry Potter (Daniel Radcliffe) and his friends Ron Weasley (Rupert Grint) and Hermione Granger ( Emma Watson) with whom Harry grew up since his beginning at Hogwarts. Hagrid the gatekeeper (Robbie Coltrane) and Dumbledore (Michael Gambon) the headmaster at Hogwarts are kept alive throughout the film because they have been helping and supporting Harry since the very beginning. There is a mix of new student characters such as Luna Lovegood (Evanna Lynch) who plays the role of Harrys new best friend in this movie. The blending of new and original characters in this film is what brings a whole new adventure in the film. In general, Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix is a must watch film for all fantasy lovers. The combination of special effects, acting, and plot make the movie captivating and entertaining. The movie compared to some other sci-fi type films does not overwhelm the viewer with too many special visual effects; there is a brilliant balance between the fantasy and the special effects. The production design and cinematography in the movie is very astounding in their suitability and professionalism.

The History of Sex in the Media and Present Day Implications Essay

When I was first given this assignment it made me a bit uneasy. I was nervous about writing an extended essay on one particular topic. Being that there are so many social issues that need to be brought to light I was having a little trouble sticking to just one. However, with some guidance and encouragement I decided to finally settle with the issue of sex in the media. Within this extended essay I will attempt to shine light on the history of sex in advertisement and examples of different ads, prove sex sells any and everything, the role the media plays in our youth’s lives and creates hyperactive sexual development in children between thirteen and seventeen years old and how the media degrade women and associate them as mere objects. I will also provide various definitions of sex in the media, visual representation of gratuitous exposure in the media, statistics and interviews by people who support my position and oppose it. Gratuitous sexual publicity in the media is destroying our children’s youth. Which is the primary reason for my selection on this topic. I have witnessed the effects of television, music, cartoons, movies and video games on youths in my community, even in my own home. My little sister who is about 13 years old has grown up way faster than I did when I was her age, as well as my 14-year-old cousin who can already have a full conversation about sex. When asked where does she learn it from her reply is simply, television. It frightens me that they can comprehend the concept of sex and how it is done easily, but is naive about the consequences and aftermath of its actions. It angers me that the media does not tell both sides of the story; they flaunt sex, yet they do not advise you about protection and how it... ...men becomes one of a passive and vulnerable person, rather than one who is assertive and in charge. She is illustrated with her finger in her mouth and looking timidly to the side or downward. This is NOT an image of power nor respect. However the way a man is depicted in the media is quite opposite. Men are most often shown in an active posture: legs apart, firmly on the ground with his chest poked out and his arms crossed. If they are not standing they are doing something active or taking hold of a passive woman. Women are typically â€Å"broken up† in the media majority of the time. In those cases, it is not just a full figured woman on display, but rather her legs, butt, stomach or breast. One Guess Eyewear ad has a man’s head resting on a woman’s torso. While her breasts are visible, her head is not. Skyy Vodka continually uses women’s legs in their advertisements

Negative Self-Image

Negative Self-Image: Orientation Reading in Frankincense by Mary Shelley Frankincense is one of popular science-fiction in the early 19th century. A novel written by Mary Shelley , she is started writing the story when she was eighteen, and the novel was published when she was twenty-one. The first edition was published anonymously in London in 1818. Shelley name appears on the second edition, published in France in 1823. A novel is about Victor Frankincense who try his an unusual scientific experiment.From his experiment, making a gigantic creature that shortly afterwards he fears and he hates. Because of the appearance of this being is scary so then Frankincense's monster become rejected by Frankincense his self and the people. When the monster travel to find a place and people that can accept him the way he is. I read this story especially on Frankincense's monster perspective, I saw there is subjective view on East on characters Sane and her father (Arabian). So I'll choose to an alyze it by Postcolonial approach: Orientation.According to Tyson, as a domain within literary studies, post-colonial criticism is both a subject matter as theoretical framework. Tyson, pig 418) So that main assumptions of postcolonial theory is offering an order to analyze and understand more deeply about the oppression of human beings the same with other theories such as feminism, Marxism. The studies was marked by appearance of the book Orientation by Edward Said in 1978. Orientation by Edward Said is a canonical text of cultural studies in which he has challenged the concept of orientation or the difference between east and west. Khalid's 2011, www. Renaissance. Com) Said argues that Orientation can be found in current Western depictions of â€Å"Arab† cultures as irrational, menacing, untrustworthy, dishonest, anti-Western and most importantly prototypical. Orientals discourse discuss and criticize that East is something more inferior than West. The West spread their ide ology about East widely through media, discipline, law, technology, and so on to show that they are superior that the East. European (colonizer) teach continuously their cultural value to the colonized people that they considers colonized people have no culture.In addition, there also in some literature is often concerned with colonization and imperialism. â€Å"Orientation rescaling texts which, while their form, content, aims, genre, and disciplining origins may be widely divergent, still work with negative, stereotyped or unexamined†. (Child's and Williams â€Å"post-colonial theory', pig 115) In Shelley Frankincense, although she offend the East in briefly period through character Sane and her father. I think it can be caused large influence for the reader when realize about Eastern culture is so primitive and cruel.Sane describe as a passive Arabian women, who clearly dependent on her religion and the culture of her nation. In the â€Å"third-world†, feminist ide ology is shown less to the woman because hat is subordinated by patriarchal system which is ingrained in their culture and power in their country. Can be seen the difference between sane and European community, when she was involved in much pressure from patriarchal system ( her father ) and system in her society ( Arab ). But Cane's action show that she does not like her family tradition and religion of her time.Political, cultural, and Arabian religion shaping her mind increasingly to pay attention to the domestic ideology of the European. When the monster tell the story about Cane's mother is a Christian Arab who were taken as a slave by the Turkish because of her beautiful Cane's father marry her. She teach Sane about kindness of being Christianity and forbid Sane to follow Muhammad thought. We can see in this sentence â€Å"She instructed her daughter in the tenets of her religion, and taught her to aspire to higher powers of intellect, and an independence of spirit, forbidden to the female to followers of Mohamed. Page 127) My opinion about this statement is clearly viewed that negative image or a stereotyped of Muhammad thought as primitive teaching and many oppression to the woman. Cane's love to Felix is also a symbol that Safe already has been in love to another culture and religion. We can see in Frankincense page 127 â€Å"The prospect of marrying Christian and remaining in a country where women are allowed to take a rank in society, was enchanting her†. This is the implication of cultural colonization which is the colonizer thought about colonized has not the high uncivilized like them.And also, Cane's father described as a cruel Arabian man through his action that are untrustworthy, dishonest, and anti-Western. Associated with the opinion of Said † One would find kind of procedure less objectionable as a lattice propaganda which is what it is, of course were it not accompanied by sermons on the objectivity, the fairness, the imparti ality of real historian, the implication always being that Muslims and Arabs cannot be objective but that Orientations†¦ â€Å".In Monster's perspective, Cane's father become the cause of the ruin of De Lackey's family life. There also subjective view about Turkish man that they are bad people. (chapter 14) Begin from Felix is falling in love with Sane, and her father was caged because of his fault to the France government. Then Felix come to save ether of Safe in order to marry Sane, because Cane's father already promise to Felix to married off Sane and Felix. But actually father of Sane does not allow that his daughter live together with Felix.So that when Felix save his life, he make a plan to take his daughter to come back to their native country. We can see in â€Å"The Turks allowed this intimacy to take place and encouraged the hopes of the youthful lovers he loathed the idea that his daughter should be united to a Christian; if he should choose to betray him to the It alian state which they inhabited. (Frankincense, g 128) The monster, it's self also a symbol of colonized people. Said explains â€Å"how the science of the orientation developed and how the Orientals started considering the Orientals as non-human beings. ( Khalid's,2011. Winnipesaukee. Com ) I think when the monster is rejected from Victor and other people (colonizer) because his scary body and face, different from other (colonized), it's implied colonizer refuse that non-western include into human beings. At first, the monster born with no education and culture, I also think that it is the gap that was created, which is the colonized ere barbarians who had no civilization, does not have system of government, religion, and customs.Thus the monster studying language from France family, and also reading book from white people, this is the implied meaning of colonizer had high civilization. A brief conclusion, Orientals were come in 19th by Edward Said, and he also argues that Orient ation is a critics to reject the long tradition about the Western is more superior than the Eastern. In Frankincense written by Mary Shelley, there some Orientals issues that appear in, the â€Å"concept of tethering† and negative elf-image of the Western way of thinking about Eastern which put Eastern as an object.

Black Men and Public Spaces Essay

1. In â€Å"Black Men and Public Spaces,† Brent Staples the author, claims how he uncomfortable and bothered of how others view him, due to the fact he is African American. I believe the purpose of this essay is for the readers to realize that stereotypes don’t always have to be real. What I mean by this is that, if you are black you are not always going to be dangerous, wearing baggy clothes, and a gun inside your jacket. He is accused of many things that he doesn’t do just due to the fact he is a young black man, which white people are terrified off. He is an educated according to the reading and he doesn’t believe in violence. The purpose of this is to people to recognize that innocent lives are ending due to these stereotypes of discrimination and fake accusations. â€Å"Altering Public Space in Ugly Ways,† I believe that he uses his experiences and others that people are scared of people are assuming black men are potentially violent. An example in the book is with the young white lady, which he describes in the book as his first victim. This lady in front of Brent Staples was walking and he says she was not comfortable with the space he gave to her. She started walking faster and faster until, she eventually ran, and went away. She thought something bad was going to happen, but as Staples says he enjoys talking walks during the night due to his insomnia. He has never felt comfortable around people as they’re mind is basically survival of the fittest they will stay away to any possible harm, Brent Staples wants to avoid invading personal space. As he states, â€Å" I now take precautions to make myself less threating.† She is writing that during the nights of late evening he is walking with care around people. Questions on Writing Strategy: 1. The concept of Altering Public Space is abstract, but Brent Staples really convinces the reader that it occurs due to all this encounters he has in his essay. As it is formatted in 1st person, it grabs your attention that this all really occurred. He starts off with the woman at the beginning that ran from him, the one she describes as the first victim, then when he moved to New York he describes how people look at him in the subway after he changes from a suit to informal clothes, and how the women will hold their bags tightly as if he was there to rob them. This essay is sad, and he writes gloomy, the writer is expressing how it’s a shame that he is always viewed as a criminal. 2. In Staples essay he gives many examples, but in a great way, he avoided the piece sounding like a list of events. He talks in great detail about an event that occurred, than he changes his setting. For example when he used to live in Chicago then he uses transitions like â€Å" that was more than a decade ago.† And as well how changes the topic and explains his new role in that new city. He uses a lot of adjectives, and doesn’t write like a list.

Internal Conflicts in The Cruc essays

Internal Conflicts in The Cruc essays In Arthur Millers play, The Crucible, he tells the story of the notorious Salem witch trials. During this mayhem the people of this small village are faced with false accusations, lies, and sins commited either for the survival of their own lives or to harm others. In a crisis such as this where all the evidence is invisible and the only witness to testify is the victim, all that the people are left with are their own principles, morals, and faith. Unfortunately some are forced to depart from their strongest beliefs and others completely lose their sense of right or wrong with the strong energy that created this entire catastrophe. Three characters in Millers play who abandon their ethics are Mary Warren, whose whole personality turns upside down, John Proctor, who contemplates between the importance of his family and his good name, and Reverend Hale, who battles with himself whether to do what his job says or do what he believes is right. Mary Warren is a girl who is confused with her own uncertainties throughout the play. At the start of the play she is perceived to be a very shy girl who will never speak her mind as shown when Proctor sends her home and she responds with, I'm just going home (Miller 21). As the play continues and as Abigail influences her, Mary begins to break this self-induced mold and does what she wants. Mary Warren, along with many other girls gets caught up in the hype of all the attention and exercising power by provoking and continuing these witch trials. Finally John Proctor, the rationalist, shows that when people like Rebecca Nurse and Elizabeth Proctor who are the saintliest of people are accused of being witches, something must be wrong. Mary Warren has a difficult decision to make and a tough time realizing Proctor is right but she finally realizes that her whole way of life has become full of injustice. However, she is scared to confess to Abigail and her friends a...

Hydrogen Fuel Cells Innovation for the 21st Century

Hydrogen Fuel Cells Innovation for the 21st Century In 1839, the first fuel cell was conceived by Sir William Robert Grove, a Welsh judge, inventor, and physicist. He mixed hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of an electrolyte and produced electricity and water. The invention, which later became known as a fuel cell, didnt produce enough electricity to be useful. Early Stages of the Fuel Cell   In 1889, the term â€Å"fuel cell† was first coined by Ludwig Mond and Charles Langer, who attempted to build a working fuel cell using air and industrial coal gas. Another source states that it was William White Jaques who first coined the term fuel cell. Jaques was also the first researcher to use phosphoric acid in the electrolyte bath. In the 1920s, fuel cell research in Germany paved the way for the development of the carbonate cycle and solid oxide fuel cells of today. In 1932, engineer Francis T Bacon began his vital research into fuels cells. Early cell designers used porous platinum electrodes and sulfuric acid as the electrolyte bath. Using platinum was expensive and using sulfuric acid was corrosive. Bacon improved on the expensive platinum catalysts with a hydrogen and oxygen cell using a less corrosive alkaline electrolyte and inexpensive nickel electrodes. It took Bacon until 1959 to perfect his design when he demonstrated a five-kilowatt fuel cell that could power a welding machine. Francis T. Bacon, a direct descendant of the other well known Francis Bacon, named his famous fuel cell design the Bacon Cell. Fuel Cells in Vehicles In October of 1959, Harry Karl Ihrig, an engineer for the Allis - Chalmers Manufacturing Company, demonstrated a 20-horsepower tractor that was the first vehicle ever powered by a fuel cell. During the early 1960s, General Electric produced the fuel-cell-based electrical power system for NASAs Gemini and Apollo space capsules. General Electric used the principles found in the Bacon Cell as the basis of its design. Today, the Space Shuttles electricity is provided by fuel cells, and the same fuel cells provide drinking water for the crew. NASA decided that using nuclear reactors was too high a risk, and using batteries or solar power was too bulky to use in space vehicles. NASA has funded more than 200 research contracts exploring fuel-cell technology, bringing the technology to a level now viable for the private sector. The first bus powered by a fuel cell was completed in 1993, and several fuel-cell cars are now being built in Europe and in the United States. Daimler-Benz and Toyota launched prototype fuel-cell powered cars in 1997. Fuel Cells the Superior Energy Source Maybe the answer to Whats so great about fuel cells? should be the question Whats so great about pollution,  changing the climate  or running out of oil, natural gas, and coal? As we head into the next millennium, it is time to put renewable energy and planet-friendly technology at the top of our priorities. Fuel cells have been around for over 150 years and offer a source of energy that is inexhaustible, environmentally safe and always available. So why arent they being used everywhere already? Until recently, it has been because of the cost. The cells were too expensive to make. That has now changed. In the United States, several pieces of legislation have promoted the current explosion in hydrogen fuel cell development: namely, the congressional Hydrogen Future Act of 1996 and several state laws promoting zero emission levels for cars. Worldwide, different types of fuel cells have been developed with extensive public funding. The United States alone has sunk more than one billion dollars into fuel-cell research in the last thirty years. In 1998, Iceland announced plans to create a hydrogen economy in cooperation with German carmaker Daimler-Benz and Canadian fuel cell developer Ballard Power Systems. The 10-year plan would convert all transportation vehicles, including Icelands fishing fleet, over to fuel-cell-powered vehicles. In March 1999, Iceland, Shell Oil, Daimler Chrysler, and Norsk Hydroformed a company to further develop Icelands hydrogen economy. In February 1999, Europes first public commercial hydrogen fuel station for cars and trucks opened for business in Hamburg, Germany. In April 1999, Daimler Chrysler unveiled the liquid hydrogen vehicle NECAR 4. With a top speed of 90 mph and a 280-mile tank capacity, the car wowed the press. The company plans to have fuel-cell vehicles in limited production by the year 2004. By that time, Daimler Chrysler will have spent $1.4 billion more on fuel-cell technology development. In August 1999, Singapore physicists announced a new hydrogen storage method of alkali doped carbon nanotubes that would increase hydrogen storage and safety. A Taiwanese company, San Yang, is developing the first  fuel cell  powered motorcycle. Where Do We Go From Here? There are still issues with hydrogen-fueled engines and power plants. Transport, storage and safety problems need to be addressed. Greenpeace has promoted the development of a fuel cell operated with regeneratively produced hydrogen. European car makers have so far ignored a Greenpeace project for a super-efficient car consuming only 3 liters of gasoline per 100 km. Special Thanks goes to H-Power, The Hydrogen Fuel Cell Letter, and Fuel Cell 2000

Capacity to be bound to the contract

Capacity to be bound to the contract Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work produced by our Law Essay Writing Service . You can view samples of our professional work here . Capacity to be bound to the contract In the aspect of law, a contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties which contain elements of a valid legal agreement which is enforceable by law. An agreement is said to be reached when an offer offered by the offeree has been accept by the acceptor as an acceptance. These parties must have the capacity to be bound to the contract and the contract must not be insignificant, vague, unfeasible, or against the law. In daily life, most contracts can be and are made orally, such as purchasing a can drink or stationeries. Any oral agreement between two parties can form a legal binding contract as long as the good or service provided is legal. However, some contracts require material evidence, written documents for example purchasing a house as sometimes written contracts are required by either the parties, or by statutory law within various jurisdictions. When disputes arise among parties of the contract, the courts will have t o decide the judgment based on wheatear to place emphasis on intention of parties to the contract or other policy of considerations. 2.0 Intention to Create Legal Relations 2.1 Definition The Law recognizes that often the parties do not intend to create a legally binding contract. The law therefore says that there must be an intention to create legal relations and make a distinction between social and domestic agreement (where the assumption is that there is no intention to create legal relations) and commercial and business agreements (where the law assumes that the parties intend the agreement to be legally binding). 2.2 Social and Domestic Agreements 2.2.1 Agreements treated as not legally binding The cases suggest that agreements within families will generally be treated as not legally binding. For example, in Jones V Padavattan (1969), Mrs. Jones offered a monthly allowance to her daughter if she would give up her job in the USA and come to England and study to become a barrist er. Because of accommodation problems, Mrs. Jones bought a house in London, where the daughter lived and received rents from other tenants. They later quarreled and the mother sought repossession of the house. The courts decided that there was no intention to create legal relations and that all the arrangements were just part of ordinary family life. Therefore, the mother was not liable on the maintenance agreement and could also claim the house. In Balfour V Balfour (1919), the issue was the promise made by a husband to pay his wife allowance while he was abroad. He failed to keep up the payments when the marriage broke down. The wife sued but it was held that arrangements between husband and wives are not contracts because the parties do not intend them to be legally binding. The court also decided that she had given no consideration for the husband’s promise. 2.2.2 Agreements treated as legally binding In the case of Merritt V Merritt (1970), the husband had already left h is wife and they met to make arrangements for the future. The husband agreed to pay 40 pounds per month maintenance, out of which the wife would pay the mortgage. When the mortgage was paid off he would transfer the house from joint names to the wife’s name. He wrote this down and signed the paper, but later refused to transfer the house. The court was held that when the agreement was made, the husband and wife were no longer living together; therefore they must have intended the agreement to be binging and their intention to base their future actions on the agreement was evidenced by the writing. The husband had to transfer the house to the wife.

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the Essay

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the liability of employers for references - Essay Example The discussion in this paper shall deal with the liability of referee to the subject only. There is no law which specifically confers the right to demand for a reference thus there is no mandatory duty to issue one. It is not a matter of right but a mere privilege which may be stipulated in a contract or agreement. Without any contract, the discretion to give reference lies with the referee however there are instances when the refusal to issue reference is construed as discriminatory that compels the employer to issue one. Assuming the referee voluntarily agrees to issue a reference, it has legal obligation to the subject and the recipient to give an honest, truthful and fair account of the information it has in its possession. The award of damages which do not arise from actual physical injury or damage to property is frowned upon (Murphy v. Brentwood District Council, 1990). This is against public policy and the floodgates arguments (Spartan Steel and Alloys Ltd v. Martin & Co. Ltd ,1973) where courts will be inundated with gratuitous suits. The exception from this general rule is when misleading statements are contained in the reference which resulted in economic loss then the aggrieved party may demand compensation for such breach of duty. For duty of care to exist nonetheless the standards enunciated in the leading case of Caparo Industries v. Dickman (1990), must be complied with: the injury or damage suffered by the aggrieved party was reasonably foreseeable; sufficient proximity or special relationship between the parties; and it is fair, just and reasonable to impose liability. These elements are mandatory and concurring where the absence of one element negates the existence of duty of care. It is not sufficient that the referee made derogatory remarks that damaged the reputation of the subject it must be shown that the referee has a special relationship with the subject such as that of an employer and employee or that of university official towards the ir personnel or students. If the derogatory remarks was relied upon to reject the subject’s engagement, the imposition of liability is just, fair and equitable. The case of Spring v. Guardian Assurance (1995), is illustrative. The employer imputed dishonest conduct which became the basis for denying the employee’s employment which was later discovered to false. The court enjoined employers to exercise utmost diligence in the preparation of reference so as not compromise the economic prospects of subjects and take due care to protect the subject’s reputation. The court stated a caveat the referee should exercise due skill and care in the preparation of the reference before making it available to the third party since the recipient accord great importance on the reference issued. The referee must showcase the subjects’ skills and expertise to improve their employment prospects and not diminish it by imputing sordid personal traits. The value accorded the re ference is due to the referee’s personal observation on the subject and if the subject is not personally known to the referee, the reference should be based on recorded facts. If a mediocre reference with unproven allegations is disseminated to prospective employers contrary to the subject’s qualifications warrants the award of damages. The right of the

Is health care a right or privlege Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Is health care a right or privlege - Essay Example Getting good healthcare is not possible for everyone as you need a background of money for that, but every individual has a right to an average rated healthcare. These people are not asking for the best, they just want somebody to help cure them and help them live a little longer. In America 20 per cent of the people are below the poverty level which means that they can not afford to pay for health insurance or for any other medical expenditure incurred by them. This level of poverty shows that one out of every six children goes to bed hungry. The government to solve this problem of health care can allocate a bigger portion of the budget for this service and especially help those people out who are in dire need of it. Another approach that can be used to provide proper heath care is to take it as a personal responsibility. If every individual himself starts living healthy by eating the right diet and causing less of self harm by smoking cigarettes and drinking less alcohol, it would make things much easier. It is not just the government or the doctors who are responsible for health it is every individual. (Christopher et. al, 2004) People who belong to different social strata hold differing opinions about health care. Health care is directly related to the amount of money a person has. The richer you are the more you are concerned about your health. While people who belong to the lower income groups are not really bothered and will not take precautionary steps to reduce the risk of getting sick. In America there are 45 million people who do not have health insurance. (Papadimos, 2007) Aristotle believed that anything that has a soul displays life. The body can grow, decay and provide itself with nutrition while the soul has powers of sensation, thinking and motivation. According to Aristotle, "If the whole body was one vast eye, sight would be it soul. As the eye is a tool for seeing with, but a living tool which is part of ourselves, so the body is like a tool or instrument for living with. Hence we may say of the soul that it is the 'end' of the body, the activity to which the body is instrumental, as seeing the 'end' to which the eye is instrumental." (Papadimos, 2007) What Aristotle is trying to say is that for the soul to be nourished, health care needs to be provided to individuals so that they can grow to their fullest extent. According to Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), man would eventually realize the things that are needed to preserve life. He gives us the law of nature which says, "A law of nature (lex naturalis) is a precept or general rule, found out by reason, by which a man is forbidden to do that which is destructive of his life or taketh away the means of preserving the same, and to omit that by which he thinketh it may be best preserved." (Papadimos, 2007) Basically he said that every human being has a right to anything he wants, even if it is another human's body. He considers three aspects: seeking peace, laying down the right of nature and making covenants, and performance of covenants. By seeking peace he means that if an individual has a problem such as a hearing defect then seeking peace

GOVT 480 Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GOVT 480 Final - Essay Example Today, international terrorism has become a major threat to the security of the United States. Domestic terrorism in the United States has been a big threat in the 20th century. The Los Angeles Times Building and the Wall Street bombing are examples of bombings that happened early in the 1920s. In the later 1990s, there was evidence of Unabomber attacks that used sophisticated technology. For instance, a mathematics professor Theodore was involved in the design of letter bombs that exploded on opening. However, the government has put enough efforts to disarm bombers and to contain the threat. The counter terrorism body has remained all eyes in containing domestic violence and has intercepted such actions with great efficiency. Clancy (2012), the deputy assistant director of the counter terrorism division stated that although the risk stills persists the public has little to worry as domestic violence is no longer a threat in America. However, the US government has a new problem to handle. In the recent past, the United States has had friction with hostile groups such as the Al-Qaeda, resulting into new threat of international terrorism. International terrorism is a greater reason to worry than domestic violence due to the severity of these attacks. For instance, in 11th September, 2011, the Al-Qaeda attacked the twin towers in United States killing over 3,000 citizens. Although various efforts have been launched to end the tension between US and Al-Qaeda, it is clear that there is likelihood of a revenge mission following the US involvement in the war in Iraq. The US president Barack Obama has put efforts to apply diplomacy in neutralizing the threat but since Al-Qaeda is a violent group, international terrorism remains a major threat whose solution is yet to be found (Clancy, 2012). On this ground, neutralizing domestic violence has been a great leg for America but the challenge of international terrorism is st ill

Evalution essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evalution - Essay Example A good painting draws the attention of people by providing them with a new sense of imagination. A good artistic work is able to evoke emotions in those who view it. The world consists of many colors, which are combined with the humans’ relationships by the artists to create a beautiful piece of art. There exist such names in the history of arts whose works prove to be a source of inspiration for all of us. One such name is Leonardo Da Vinci, an Italian painter and engineer, who lived during the time of early renaissance. Da Vinci created many masterpieces of arts throughout his life. He was mainly known for his paintings. Some of the most outstanding works by Da Vinci include The Last Supper, Vitruvian Man, Annuciation, Ginevra de Benci, and Mona Lisa. In this paper, we will describe Mona Lisa in detail, which is one of the most renowned works by Da Vinci. The portrait of Mona Lisa is an oil painting drawn on wood. Da Vinci created this portrait in the 16th century. Mona Lisa is one of the most famous paintings of all times. Mona Lisa holds all qualities of a remarkable painting. These qualities include attractiveness, meaning, skills, uniqueness, and fulfilled intent. These qualities make a painting better understood by the people. It is one of the distinguishing qualities of this portrait that everyone praises it without having much information about this portrait. If we talk about the most important criterion that is used to judge a painting, we can say that it is beauty or attractiveness of a painting that makes it attract a large number of people towards it. Beauty of a painting reflects the mind of the painter. A painter reflects the beauty of his mind on a sheet of paper, which is then admired by the public. A painter communicates his thoughts to the public in the form of a beautiful painting. Mona Lisa’s fame is evident from the fact that every year

Mobile tecnology services Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Mobile tecnology services - Assignment Example Vodafone Business Email, Windows Mobile Email and Blackberry from Vodafone provide business customers, ranging from small start-up companies to multinational corporates, with wireless access to their enterprise and internet based email. Vodafone live- Vodafone live! is our on-handset communications and multimedia portal, which gives you access to services like games, ringtones, news, sports and information. We are always enhancing and improving Vodafone live! to provide better and richer content and make it easier for you to access it. Vodafone live! is available over our 3G network, enabling far higher quality content and communication services, like news broadcasts, sports highlights, music videos and movie trailers. Content partners include Time Warner, News Corp, NBC, Universal and Sony. The 3G service also supports full-track music downloads. You can use your phone to listen to music, choosing from more than 750,000 music tracks to download. Agreements with Sony BMG Music Entertainment, EMI, Universal Music, Warner Music and independent music labels secure music from some of the world's greatest artists. Vodafone live! also includes useful information services for driving directions, train and flight times and much more. The full Vodafone live! service is included with the latest Vodafone live! mobile handsets. V Vodafone to Roll Out Advanced Customer Service Directly on the Handset- The SNAPin service enables customers to navigate an on-screen visual menu of options which customers can use to answer questions or solve their problems right on the handset. Customers also have the option to connect through to the call centre, bypassing traditional IVR menus, or to get an automatic response directly on their phone. The menu can be tailored according to the needs of different customers. Roper Mobile Technology Roper Mobile Technology is the leading provider of fully rugged, highly customizable computer solutions for challenging environments. Designed from the ground up, the Company's full line of rugged mobile computing solutions include lightweight handhelds, Tablets, Ultra Mobile PCs and fixed mount computers. Roper Mobile Technology provides Customer Services through contact of Technical Support inside the website as well as a form to be filled-up by customers known as Returend Materials Authorization (RMA) MYPORTAL EXCHANGE INC. Services Offered: MyGallery - Offers a unique service of creating your own online photo album so that you won't have to consume as much phone memory. If you're the type of person who loves taking picture of just about everything using (just about any form of device but specially) a mobile phone, then you have encountered problems with your phone memory not being enough. In that case, we have the perfect solution for you! MyGallery offers a unique service of creating our own online photo album so that you won't have to consume as much phone memory. With the lastess technology, it has become a lot easier to upload pictures and download them via the Internet or WAP-enabled phones. SchoolConnect- A product that make use of SMS messaging to utilize the network of parents and students and schools. It has a wide-range of service among which are message broadcasting for example sending out to registered parents that

Global Tourism and Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Tourism and Sustainability - Essay Example The stakeholders who are involved in the entire phenomenon of sustainable tourism are the governments of the countries, the NGOs, the tourists, the native people and their communities. Sustainable Tourism is most popular in the third world countries, where this would lead to the economic development and intellectual cum social progress for the nation while retaining their original culture and heritage. The main strategies of development that most of the third world nations undertake is to establish tourism in their countries at the international level (Theobald, 2005, pp. 352-408). This would lead to economic development in forms of employment generation, growth of the micro, small and medium scale enterprises as well as rise in the inflow of foreign exchange in the country. The development of eco friendly locations and coastal tourism have ensured that there is no harm caused to the environment and the problems of climatic imbalances and global warming are minimised through such efforts (Mcleod, 2004, pp.

Mobile tecnology services Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Mobile tecnology services - Assignment Example Vodafone Business Email, Windows Mobile Email and Blackberry from Vodafone provide business customers, ranging from small start-up companies to multinational corporates, with wireless access to their enterprise and internet based email. Vodafone live- Vodafone live! is our on-handset communications and multimedia portal, which gives you access to services like games, ringtones, news, sports and information. We are always enhancing and improving Vodafone live! to provide better and richer content and make it easier for you to access it. Vodafone live! is available over our 3G network, enabling far higher quality content and communication services, like news broadcasts, sports highlights, music videos and movie trailers. Content partners include Time Warner, News Corp, NBC, Universal and Sony. The 3G service also supports full-track music downloads. You can use your phone to listen to music, choosing from more than 750,000 music tracks to download. Agreements with Sony BMG Music Entertainment, EMI, Universal Music, Warner Music and independent music labels secure music from some of the world's greatest artists. Vodafone live! also includes useful information services for driving directions, train and flight times and much more. The full Vodafone live! service is included with the latest Vodafone live! mobile handsets. V Vodafone to Roll Out Advanced Customer Service Directly on the Handset- The SNAPin service enables customers to navigate an on-screen visual menu of options which customers can use to answer questions or solve their problems right on the handset. Customers also have the option to connect through to the call centre, bypassing traditional IVR menus, or to get an automatic response directly on their phone. The menu can be tailored according to the needs of different customers. Roper Mobile Technology Roper Mobile Technology is the leading provider of fully rugged, highly customizable computer solutions for challenging environments. Designed from the ground up, the Company's full line of rugged mobile computing solutions include lightweight handhelds, Tablets, Ultra Mobile PCs and fixed mount computers. Roper Mobile Technology provides Customer Services through contact of Technical Support inside the website as well as a form to be filled-up by customers known as Returend Materials Authorization (RMA) MYPORTAL EXCHANGE INC. Services Offered: MyGallery - Offers a unique service of creating your own online photo album so that you won't have to consume as much phone memory. If you're the type of person who loves taking picture of just about everything using (just about any form of device but specially) a mobile phone, then you have encountered problems with your phone memory not being enough. In that case, we have the perfect solution for you! MyGallery offers a unique service of creating our own online photo album so that you won't have to consume as much phone memory. With the lastess technology, it has become a lot easier to upload pictures and download them via the Internet or WAP-enabled phones. SchoolConnect- A product that make use of SMS messaging to utilize the network of parents and students and schools. It has a wide-range of service among which are message broadcasting for example sending out to registered parents that

My Best Memory of Cuba Essay Example for Free

My Best Memory of Cuba Essay Orly Solomon was a child star in France, the French Shirley Temple if I may tell the truth. At the young age of eight she became a famous singer, actress and TV host. She even got into the Guinness World Records as the youngest TV host in history. For years Orly toured around singing, released CDs and performed on television and on stages. But as she grew into adulthood, due to poor management, she lost momentum and her position in the entertainment industry, and was soon forgotten. Orly was never one to give up easily, and as such, a few years later she applied for a main role in the world renowned production The Lion King. Of all things it was in German, a language she did not speak. After rigorous auditions, having to learn German in a very short time in order to pass her final audition, in 2003 she got accepted and moved to Germany. Orly was back in the game and was singing her heart out entertaining audiences again. After a few years of living the same role over and over Orly started getting tired of the assembly line routine. She craved creativity and change as any artist does in a long repetitive production. Her dream was to travel to Cuba to learn Spanish and salsa. She took her first trip to Cuba and fell in love with the place and its highly developed art scene. Orly had another dream to release a single with some of the most famous Cuban artists such as Maykel Blanco y Su Salsa Mayor, Pupy y Los Que Son Son and more. And like everything in her life shortly after she made her dream come true. This artist-entrepreneur has always had a brilliant mind initiating profitable projects. It started as a young teenager while organizing karaoke parties mixed with her singing, which in those times was truly ground breaking. It continued to organizing big events and later concerts for big stars such as Maykel Blanco and his band when they toured in France. Orly’s life would not have shamed a telanovela and one should probably be produced in her honour someday. Her life story so far had many unexpected turns and twists, but like a willow tree, she flexes well with the wind. Orly, no doubt, fell in love with Cuba and its artists and had realized her dream – she knows all of the top salsa artists such as Maykel Blanco, Alexander Abreu, Manolito Simonet and more. She works with them regularly and even released a few singles in Cuba that she feels very proud of. But one day it all clicked for her when she recognized that many people in the world were just as passionate about salsa as she was and dreamt of having a memorable experience with their favourite artist. This is how the project ‘My Best memory of Cuba’ came to life. ‘My Best Memory of Cuba’ is Orly’s new concept allowing her to share her great luck of meeting the biggest Cuban salsa stars and working with them. Orly offers groups the great opportunity of getting connected to them and being featured in a video clip with them. You pick the song, the artist, and the location in Havana and voila! A quick rehearsal, about an hour of fun filming and dancing, and each person ends up with a DVD of their best memory of Cuba – their own personal video clip with their dream star, a dream come true!

Donald Trumps Views on Immigrants

Donald Trumps Views on Immigrants Alondra Medina   Making America Great Again: Not Really According to President Donald Trump When Mexico sends its people, Theyre not sending their best. Theyre bringing drugs, theyre bringing crime, theyre rapists, and some, I assume are good people (CNN). When President Donald Trump says things about immigrants that theyre supposedly bringing drugs, crimes, and that theyre rapists he says this without knowing how they are. The reason why theyre here illegally is because immigrants are chasing the American Dream. Immigrants are not here to bring drugs, crimes, nor to be rapists, they are here for hope, dreams, and more for their families. There is no need to be judging immigrants for not being what President Trump want them to be. Trump made his remarks in an interview with Lesly Stahl on CBS 60 minutes. It was his first national TV interview since winning the election (Eugene Kiely). In that interview Lesly Stahl asked Donald Trump, What about the pledge to deport millions and millions of undocumented immigrants? (Lesly Stahl) and President Trump responded with this exact words, What we are going to do is get the people that are criminals and have criminal records, gang members, drug dealers, we are going to incarcerate. But were getting them out of our country, theyre here illegally (Eugene Kiely). This means that out of those 2 or 3 million people that supposedly have a criminal record his going to deport them even if they are citizens. What he doesnt know or understand is that out of those 3 million people therere probably not just immigrants it could be also be all races. Another thing is that, The President made immigration and border control a key part of his election campaign, promising to protect Amer icans from Bad Dudes (BBC News). The point here is how youre going to protect Americans from people that are bad.   All Americans in some way they have a dark side, they are not perfect in a way that Trump wants them to be. Having immigrants deported for criminals records than every criminal should be deported also. And that is not way to protect Americans from criminals. President Donald Trump on one of his campaign Platform that in order to Make America Great he wants every single undocumented to be deported and leave the white people here in America. What he doesnt understand is that America was build and raised by immigrants. So Basically, this country is ours just like everybody else even Jorge Ramos a News Anchor said it in his own words, This is our country, Ramos responded, it is yours, it is mine, and it is ours. And the interesting thing is that with the Trump administration and many people who support Donald trump, they think it is their country, that it is a white country, and they are absolutely wrong. This is not a white country, it is ours, and thats precisely what Im saying (Jorge Ramos). And this true because America would not be nothing without immigrants, there will be food, construction, and competition for wages and jobs will impact negatively on some existing residents. Also, The value of immigration cannot be reduced to an actua rial table or spreadsheet. Immigrants do not simply make America better off. They make America better. Immigrants Provide a shot in the nation arm (Richard V. Reeves). New Americans are true Americans. We need more of them. But trump is tapping directly and dangerously into white fears of an America growing steadily browner (Richard V. Reeves). Mr. Kelly said that the number of inadmissible person crossing the U.S-Mexico border had dropped this year (2017) from 31,578 to 18,762 in January to February- a period when the number of arrests of illegal immigrants normally increases (BBC News). Because of immigration advocates suggest that under the trump administration immigration enforcement polices all most all of them could be targeted of deportation. 700,000 DREAMERS (NPR). So, realizing that president Donald Trump is just saying things without knowing immigrants how they are he doesnt even know a reason why his deporting people. Just because he has the power to do anything he can automatically deport people just like that. The importance of all of this is that everybody has dreams not by bringing drugs, crimes, nor to be rapists but to be more for their families. Everybody deserves a chance to prove who they really are. Immigrants are more than what presidents Donald Trump think. People living in the U.S. without legal status are frequently invoked in American politics especially in these recent months. But the conversation is often short on facts about the millions of people who fall into this category. Donald Trump thinks the worst of us immigrants because of what he sees and hears about the immigrants but only if he got to know us a little bit better he wont be thinking the way he thinks we are and do in this country. Works Cited Kiely, Eugene. Trump Repeats Criminal Alien Claim. FactCheck.org. N.p., 2016. Web. 10 Mar. 2017. Mortensen, Ronald W. President Trumps Executive Order Puts Americans First; at Least 75% of Illegal Aliens Eligible for Deportation. Center for Immigration Studies. N.p., 05 Feb. 2017. Web. 10 Mar. 2017. Reeves, Richard V. Heres What America Would Be Like Without Immigrants. Immigration Reform. N.p., 2016. Web. 2017. US Hails 40% Drop in Illegal Immigrants from Mexico. BBC News. BBC, 09 Mar. 2017. Web. 10 Mar. 2017. Wang, Hansi Lo, Alyson Hurt, and Camila Domonoske. How Americas Idea Of Illegal Immigration Doesnt Always Match Reality. NPR. NPR, 08 Mar. 2017. Web. 10 Mar. 2017.

Charles Ginnever :: essays research papers

Charles Ginnever   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A artist that I take a liking to his interesting pieces of work is Charles Ginnever. Charles Ginnever was born in San Mateo, California in 1931. Charles studied both in the United States and in Europe From 1949 - 1959. He started out in San Mateo Junior College in 1949 and completed his Associates degree in 1951. In 1953 Charles moved to Paris, France and studied at Alliance Francaise. He was not done in Europe and moved on to Universita per Stranieri in Perugia, Italy in 1954.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charles didn’t stop there and went back to Paris, France to study at Academire de la Grande Chaumiere under the Great teacher Ossip Zadkine in 1955. From there it was off to Aterier 17 in Paris, France to study with Stanley W. Hayter. In 1956 Charles Ginnever moved back to the Untied States and studied at the California University of Fine Arts in San Francisco where here received his B.F.A. In 1959, Charles Finally finished his education at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York with a M..F.A..   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After finishing his studies, Charles Ginnever took up teaching positions at many different universities and institutes. Some of these schools included Cornell University, Pratt Institute, University of California at Berkeley and many more schools across the country. Charles has been given many awards and commissions for his works in sculpture. He has most recently been awarded the Lee Krasner Foundation â€Å"Lifetime Achievement Award†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charles Ginnever sculptures have been and are on display at many museums, parks and galleries. These museums include the San Francisco Museum, Indianapolis Museum of Art, Seattle Art Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Los Angeles Museum of Art, and many more. Some of the parks are Laumeier Sculpture Park, Storm King Art Center, and many more.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charles Ginnever is best know for his large scale works of art that are made for the outdoors. His sculptures are placed throughout the United States, Philippines, and Australia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ginnever achieves a feeling of order in his work by working in straight forward ways with familiar elements. These element are flat lengths of steel and spaced out in different areas along the ground. They are put together by welding the ends of the steel together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charles’ sculptures are meant to be seen by stepping back and seeing the pieces from a distance. As the point of view shifts, the wide strips of steel become thin lines, that make certain angles vanish as others come into view.

The Computer Nut :: essays research papers

Title: â€Å"The Computer Nut† Author: Betsy Byars Setting: â€Å"The Computer Nut† takes place in Kate’s small town. Overall, the different settings are in her house, in school, at a carwash, at Willie Lomax’s house, her dad’s office, a pep rally at her school’s football rally, and that’s basically where all the action takes place. Most of the time, the action takes place during the day. Towards the ending, however, most of the action takes place at night around 8 pm- 9pm. Major Characters: The main character of â€Å"The Computer Nut† is Kate. Kate is like any other kid. She is obsessed with computers, she has red hair, and she is an average middle school student. She is receiving messages from an â€Å"alien† who calls himself BB-9. Willie Lomax is the boy who helps find out who is sending Kate messages over the computer. Willie is also Kate’s crush and he is the only one who is truly willing to help Kate find out who really is sending her messages over the computer. He is around Kate’s height, chubby, he has reddish/blondish hair, and is very interested in Kate’s mystery â€Å"alien.† BB-9 is the self-proclaimed â€Å"alien comedian† who wants to come down to Earth to make people laugh, since Earth is the only planet in the universe where people laugh. He is an adult’s age and can take form as anything he wants. He was once a cow on another mission to Earth. A physical description is not availa ble. And lastly, Linda is Kate’s best friend. She is short, has brown hair, and very humorous. Plot Summary: One day, for an art project, Kate is just drawing a picture of herself on her dad’s computer in her dad’s office. After she is all done with her self-portrait, she receives a message from a strange person who later reveals himself as BB-9. BB-9 is an alien in search of a good laugh on Earth, which he says is the only planet where people laugh. After a series of message, Kate hopes the person contacting her is her secret crush, Willie Lomax, who just so happens to know about computers. Kate is determined to find out who it is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Kate’s best friend, Linda, finds out about the messages, she goes on and on and insists about how it HAS to be Frank Wilkins, a boy who told Kate he loved her at band camp a couple years back.

Critic of Biag ni Lam-ang Essay

RYAN ADELANTE CORTEZ is the fourth among the five children of Mr. and Mrs. Esteban Cortez and Ludivina Cortez. Born on August 05, 1992, he finished his elementary education at Jaen Central School in 2005, her secondary education at San Jose High School (SJHS) in 2009. He pursued his college education at the Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College-College of Teacher Education, South Cluster Campus, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur last 2013 with the degree Bachelor of Secondary Education major in English. Last September 29, 2013, he passed the Licensure Examination for Teachers. He was hired as a classroom teacher in June 2013 at Sta. Veronica College, Inc., Bacnotan, La Union and transferred at CICOSAT COLLEGES, Lingsat, City of San Fernando, La Union wherein he is presently teaching. At CICOSAT COLLEGES, he was assigned as the school paper adviser. He attended several seminars in English and division and regional press conference and workshop in campus journalism. Aside from teaching his field of s pecialization, he also experienced teaching Filipino, Araling Panlipunan, Values education and Computer Education. ACKNOWLEDGMENT Now is the moment of truth, for the sweetest reward is at hand. For four years I have experienced laughter and sorrows, hardships and challenges along the way. Before, dreams seemed impossible to reach; obstacles were so many, as if they were meant to end. The glory is not for me alone for all I know that much of this success I owe it to the people who made significant  dimensions in my life. I am indebted to express my grateful appreciation, deepest acknowledgment and heartfelt gratitude to those who shared thier kindness, time and effort, support and cooperation, suggestions and constructive criticism for the realization of this study. To Dr. Helen C. Abella, the OIC Graduate Dean of ISPSC South Cluster, Graduate School. To Dr. Ederlina M. Sumail, the OIC Campus Director of Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College. To Sir Ernest D. Padiwan, my instructor in Methods of Research for his moral and intellectual advices and support. My special thanks. -R.A Cortez DEDICATION To the men of my life; My patient father, Esteban; and my handsome brothers; Marvin and Christopher. To the women of my life; my ever supportive mother; Ludivina, and my darling sisters; Ethel and Louiela. Above all, our Greatest and Most Intelligent Educator; The Almighty God, for He is my source of everything, love, wisdom and life. This work of mind and heart is dedicated. -TheResearcher- ABSTRACT CORTEZ, RYAN A. Master of Science in Education-English I .Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College, Graduate School, South Cluster-Tagudin Campus, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur. â€Å"INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE IN ENGLISH VII(WRITING SKILLS) FOR CICOSAT COLLEGES-BASIC EDUCATION, SAN FERNANDO CITY, LA UNION†. Instructor: Ernest D. Padiwan, MAEd. This study focused on the formulation, construction and validation of an instructional material in teaching English (Writing Skills) so as to help ease the declining writing skills of the respondents. Specifically, it sought answers to the following sub-problems. What is the level of competence in English (writing skills) of the grade seven high school students along the writing skills? What are the common difficulties encountered by the said students along writing skills? What is the extent of the availability of Instructional materials in writing in the school? What instructional material can be proposed to enhance the writing skills of the students? What is the level of acceptability of the proposed instructional material based on the extent of evaluation done by three (3) experienced English instructors or teachers? A total enumeration of sixty grade seven high school students in CICOSAT COLLEGES-Basic Education was employed and the researcher used the self-analysis survey method in trying to gather the data. The researcher used three (3) experienced English instructors to determine the acceptability of the IM. Frequency count, percentage, ranking and weighted mean were used as statistical tools in the study. : 1.A module in English Language (Writing Skills) had been made or developed. On the bases of the above findings the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The module in English language, particularly in writing is needed to help the users enhance and improve their writing skills. 2. The proposed module in English language on the area of writing was much acceptable and ready for use by the fourth year high school students of CICOSAT COLLEGES-Basic Education and; 3. The proposed module was made to supplement the needs of the grade seven high school students of CICOSAT COLLEGES-Basic Education, Lingsat, City of San Fernando, La Union and; In order that the proposed module in English Language (writing) the grade seven high school students of CICOSAT COLLEGES-Basic Education, Lingsat, City of San Fernando, La Union to be fully functional or to serve its intended purpose, the following are  suggested/recommended: 1. There should be continuous, constant or regular use of the module in all En glish classes where relevant, to maintain the level of assistance to students. 2. Similar studies must be conducted regularly to check on the status of the effect of the module to the students. 3. Infusion of contemporary related topics/new evolving topics into the module; and 4. Construction of similar modules in English Language (writing) should also encourage enhancing totally the writing skills of the students.

Cellphone

Spending six hours without my cellophane was a very difficult task for me because I have created an android dependency without being aware of it. I personally don't make too many calls; instead I use excessively the Watchstrap Application for free text messages, and what makes me dependent or attached to it is the feeling of being â€Å"connected† to my friends and family at any time.At first, It was frustrating, I went through the anxiety of finding it and turning It on but gladly I did not; the same kind of anxiety I have experienced in the past when I went too meeting and I had denuded touched my pocket to feel my mammals cellophane, only to find It minutes later In my purse. Then, told myself â€Å"It's going to be Just 6 hours, I can handle that, I will be okay†, and tried to concentrate on other matters. I am glad today that I was able to accomplish a lot of things without my cellophane and computer In those 6 hours.First, I got some homework done rather quickly: it took me no more than two hours to read four chapters of two different subjects, Archeology and American Politics. After that, I rote some basic ideas on a piece of paper in relation to an assignment I needed to do later. Then I went to the Supermarket and came back to my room, where I placed all the groceries in the kitchen and refrigerator. And finally, I went out for dinner at a local restaurant.Perhaps the most difficult task I had to adjust to without my cellophane was reading, because I have acquired in the last few years the bad habit of checking my cellophane constantly, especially when I felt bored or distracted. Nonetheless, I tried to incinerate on my reading, which was hard at the beginning, but as I kept doing it, the cellophane anxiety went away and I honestly felt really good with myself. After the 6 hours passed, I didn't felt the urgent necessity to run and turn the cellophane or the computer on.I confess that I am happily surprised that I was able to go about dur ing 6 hours of my day without my cellophane and computer, and engaged instead in very productive work. I am now convinced that I wouldn't have been able to finish my homework and other tasks In time with my cellophane or computer around. At the end of the day, I really felt relieved that I TLD have to be expecting anxiously at all times, as I had before, all the multiple notifications, e-mails and Watchstrap messages I normally receive on any day of my life.Cellophane By greenmailed have created an android dependency without being aware of it. I personally don't â€Å"connected† to my friends and family at any time. At first, it was frustrating, I went through the anxiety of finding it and turning it on but gladly I did not; the same kind of anxiety I have experienced in the past when I went to a meeting and I had denuded touched my pocket to feel my missing cellophane, only to find it minutes later in my purse.Then, I told myself â€Å"it's going to be Just 6 hours, I can h andle that, I will be okay', and lot of things without my cellophane and computer in those 6 hours. First, I got some homework done rather quickly; it took me no more than two hours to read four engaged instead in very productive work. I am now convinced that I wouldn't have been able to finish my homework and other tasks in time with my cellophane or computer around. At the end of the day, I really felt relieved that I didn't have to be

MBA Interactive Project Essay

Introduction Continuing the work and analysis begun in the first three SLPs, we again project ourselves back in time to the year 2012. I am in responsible for decisions on product development and pricing for the next four years for our line of tablets. I will show the score, financials and market data at the end of the four year period from my previous time discussions. Finally we can make a detailed discussion and analysis of the data using CVP analysis, and will explain why I recommend specific pricing and research and development (R&D) costs for the next four year period. Discussion The Clipboard Tablet Company is currently making three different tablet models; the X5, X6 and X7. The X5 has been on the market for three years already and market research has determined that consumers are not very worried about performance for this older tablet. The middle tablet, the X6, has been on the market for two years and market research shows consumers are concerned about performance but not necessarily price. The final tablet, the X7, is the newest and has only been on the market for one year, and market research shows the consumer is interested in both performance and price. With this in mind, we can analyze how the products evolved when Mr. Shmoe was in charge. The following table depicts the price and R&D percentage for each tablet over the preceding four years (since the last run) and whether or not the particular tablet production was discontinued or not. The graphs also depict the revenue generated and profit from the different tablets over the time period I was in charge of making the decisions instead of Mr. Shmoe. Review Overall the results of the third run of the tablet simulation had an end result which was approximately $142 million greater than the previous run, which was accomplished using CVP analysis. This change was due to two reasons. The first was the increased sales and revenue generated by the X6 tablet, ultimately reaching market saturation. The second reason was due to the dramatically increased sales of the X7. As the graphs display, the X6 accelerated greatly in terms of revenue and profit through 2013 and then began a steady and definite decline once reaching market saturation. Revenue and profit for the X7 were drastically different as compared to previous simulations, beginning to increase in 2014 and 2015,and setting the stage for sustained revenue and profits in the future time period. The X5 was relatively unchanged from previous simulations since I left the pricing alone due to the tablet having been on the market for several years already. Data Discussion It will also help to discuss in more detail what happened in the third simulation under my supervision while using the CVP model. For the X5, initial R&D allocation of the $24 million available was only 5%, or $1.2 million, plus the $75 million in other fixed costs gave a total fixed cost of $76.2 million. The variable cost per unit for the X5 amounts to $150, and using a price of $300 per tablet, the breakeven point for the X5 is 508,000 units sold. A price of $300 per tablet yielded a profit of $119 million. Fixed costs for the X5 are extremely high and with the age of the X,5 little R&D dollars were allocated in order to keep the total fixed costs down. Next up, the X6’s fixed costs were $48.3 million including the R&D costs, while the variable cost of the X6 came out to $275 per tablet. The breakeven volume for the X6 priced at $375 per tablet comes out to 375,000 tablets. The idea here was to achieve market saturation as quickly as possible and reap the associated profit. Based on the life cycle of the X6, the price was increased by only five dollars per year and associated R&D expenses were reduced only 5% in the latter years. Finally, the X7 has the exact same fixed cost as the X6 with the only difference being the dollars allocated for the R&D, which for the second run of the simulation was $49.5 million. However, the variable costs for the X7 are extremely low at only $55 per tablet. The breakeven volume for the X7 at $120 per tablet comes out to just under 577,000 tablets. The strategy here was to have a much lower initial price in an attempt to capture market share and volume upfront which would ultimately reap large profits after the breakeven point. Formulating a revised strategy Considering all of this information, the revised strategy will be somewhat similar from the previous one in regards to the overall conceptual plan. My previous strategy focused on CVP analysis, while the newer revised strategy for the tablet simulation will attempt to tweak and optimize this strategy further. Due to the lower breakeven prices of each of the tablets, volume for each one can be increased immediately by a reduction in price. Therefore we will attempt this for the X6 and X7 tablets. CVP does not account for product lifecycle, however, which is why my strategy is to more or less leave the pricing the same for the X5 as the previous run. R&D for the X5 will never increase above 1% since the consumers don’t care for this feature, while R&D will be the highest for the X7, which is marketed as the primary benefit of this higher-performance tablet. Prices for the X6 and X7 will increase by $10/year while maintaining roughly a 40-60 R&D split respectively, with the beginning price of the X7 starting $10 lower. This strategy should show higher profits after four years by keeping prices closer to their breakeven CVP pricing and varying slightly the R&D costs based on changing market saturation. To sum up the strategy, it is to more or less leave the X5 and X6 fairly constant from my previous simulation but attempt to increase overall sales in the X7 market, thus creating more revenue and profit. The following table depicts the results of the updated strategy for the next four years. As you can see we left the initial pricing for the X6 the same, starting out with a price of $375. Conclusion In conclusion, we generated a revised strategy for the Clipboard Tablet Company based on a revised and optimized CVP analysis. By adjusting the pricing for the X7 slightly downward in order to increase sales and revenue/profit, we maximize the outcome. The goal is to continue reap the profits out of the X5, get maximum revenue off of the X6 by achieving market saturation and to dramatically increase sales of the X7 which is the future for our company. I look forward to putting this into practice. References Forio.com, 2012. â€Å"Introduction.† PDA Simulator. Retrieved 09 Jan 2013 from: http://forio.com/simulate/jelson/tablet-development-sim-1/simulation/#p=page1 Manoski, Paula, 2002. â€Å"The R&D strategy/strategic process Part 1: a road map to R&D effectiveness.† Allbusiness.com, Retrieved 09 Jan 2013from: http://www.allbusiness.com/sales/customer-service-product-knowledge/122484-1.html QuickMBA.com, 2010. â€Å"Product Lifecycle.† Retrieved 13Jan 2013 from: http://www.quickmba.com/marketing/product/lifecycle

Cloud computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cloud computing - Essay Example IT gurus administer the fused cloud platforms by means of the advanced knowledge of the virtual servers and the virtualization skills. Infrastructure and applications that promote cloud computing acceptance, attraction of IT Professionals towards cloud computing, and cloud adoption and rejection factors are fundamental. Cloud acceptance: (After reading the slide) let me explain this with the help of a diagram: Organizations that use cloud service can be categorized into three types based on their size; the mega enterprises, the large enterprises, and the medium enterprises. Cloud services used by them are of different kinds including collaboration, software services, desktops and infrastructure, and disaster recovery backup. Here, you can notice that while many enterprises are already using these kinds of services, there is a substantial number of organizations that are considering to use these services, which indicates that cloud computing is growing in popularity. ... nificance and value to the IT implementers because of the benefits its offers that include but are not limited to work efficiencies, support, enhanced productivity, and low-cost initiatives. More benefits of cloud computing are illustrated in the sixth slide. Virtual Infrastructure Cloud computing’s property of virtualization functions most efficiently at the minimization of the cost and complications of the IT operations. There are numerous other advantages that have worked for virtualization that primarily include improved accessibility, virtual maturity, larger data storage capacities, mobility and efficiency. IT executives invest in the cloud initiatives for a variety of reasons including saving money, increased predictability of costs, improved IT customer service, increased productivity, and standardized IT. As you can see in the diagram, the prime motivation behind investing in the cloud initiatives is minimization of cost and saving of money. Increased predictability o f costs and improved IT customer service are equally strong motivators following the saving of money. IT staff supports the cloud initiatives in order to be more efficient, to work with the latest technology, to improve the IT customer service, to maintain a current set of skills, and to minimize the complexity of the job. There is variation among the decision maker and implementer IT staff’s motivations behind supporting the cloud initiatives as evident from the graph. Except for the motivation of keeping the set of skills current, there is a greater number of the decision maker IT staff that is motivated by all of the aforementioned factors as compared to the implementer IT staff. This speaks of the fact that these factors play an important role in the decision making in the IT departments.

Differences between Chimpanzees and Human Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Differences between Chimpanzees and Human - Essay Example Chimpanzees make friends and strengthen by mentoring each other. Researchers state that chimpanzees shave an estimate of 50 close friends and links compared to those of human being that is estimated to be around 150 and 200 (Dale, 26). The human anatomy has a skin that has limited areas that are covered in hair, in a chimpanzee, all parts of the body other than the face is covered in hair. The skull of a human brain is sustained by a vertebral column while the skull of a chimpanzee dangles forward from the vertebral column. Human beings walk in an upright manner that is enabled by the legs that are stronger than legs, feet that are arched and the capability to straighten the knees that enabling walking, on the other side, the chimpanzees walk on four legs since they have longer arms and knees that are bent. The social life of chimpanzees is largely based on survival while that of human beings s based on needs. Human beings show advanced forms of communication whereas chimpanzees use sounds and gestures that are only known to them. In this film, the social behaviors of humans surprised me, especially the fact that their social closeness is based on survival. Unlike in other animals such as the lion, there is no territory for the strongest; the chimpanzees live as one big happy family. The other thing that I found impressive is their ways of displaying affection, love, and kindness. They often play with each other, cuddle and hug each other. The adult chimpanzees take care of the young ones by ensuring that they get food and that they are safe from external threats and risk. Finally, I did not realize that chimpanzee s mourn for the sickness or loss of one of them, they are very compassionate (Dale, 34).

Significance of the Awareness of the Issue of Racism Essay

Significance of the Awareness of the Issue of Racism - Essay Example Considering the notion that had races been socially constructed, then racism would have guaranteed to be a derivative of race and the resultant from social experiences as well. Racism is defined as a belief whereby it is considered as being higher for one race as compared to the other ones. Racism is a subject that shakes the basis of the world population as it sparks off controversies left, right and center. People usually do not speak highly of this subject and would better like to be disassociated with it rather than the other way around. (Kolchin, 2003) There are two distinct schools of thought when one thinks of the racism subject. These align themselves with the question of racism in America as well as its rationales. (Weinberg, 1996) The social psychologists and the sociological theorists are the two broad categories. The scapegoat theory argues that in times gone by, members of the dominant group in the United States have protected a number of different frustrations in their desire to achieve social as well as financial success and also to find expression for these aggravations in the form of anger towards other racial groups. On the other hand, the authoritarian theory is more or less typified by a propensity to rigidly characterize people. The sociological theories focus more on the institutional role played by racism itself. Therefore it would not be wrong here to state that racism appears to be a mixture of the scapegoat, authoritarian as well as the sociological theories surrounding it. While a number of people without hum an intervention characterize the people into groups, they also have the capacity to turn these groups into a series of aggression activities. However, the reason from this may be the lack of involvement connected with the people hailed in a category or a class of their own that is known as the groups other than the one that can be classified in the true sense of the word.

The summary of this article by John Orlando showing the understanding Essay

The summary of this article by John Orlando showing the understanding of his point of view - Essay Example Morally wrong: It is morally wrong to downsize a company due to profitability reasons because it in effect causes a lot of harm for little benefits. The author says that one some aspects, harms and benefits are "incommensurable" - meaning it does not entail merely the loss of income on the part of the workers. He says that some statistics demonstrate that downsizing also leads to loss of homes and even to suicides. On the other hand, since investors in large corporations tend to diversify their assets, they only gain minor benefits when stock prices rise. He points to a distinction when downsizing is a means to an end: It is morally reprehensible for a CEO to layoff workers, consciously knowing that the act would boost the stock price of company as differentiated from an act when a company downsizes to boost productivity. Legitimate Expectations: For a worker, having a secure job is tied to his fundamental well-being.

American Government Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

American Government - Research Paper Example The last part undertakes the critical evaluation of the policies undertaken and suggests optimal policy ramifications. The launch pad for the flight of the worst recession in the past six decades around the globe was unleashed in the mid of 2007 and continued over almost two years. The entire global economy remained shivering owing to its evil affects. Moreover this recession jeopardized the roots of the formidable US economy. The dark sides began to erupt with global job crisis and crisis-induced credit crunch that lead to trade collapse. Again high rate of unemployment in the OECD countries devastated millions of the civilians of the poorer countries sweeping them deep down into acute poverty (Verick & Islam, 2010, p.v ). The absolute damage to the financial sector was prolific. The entire globe moved into a shock as the stock markets crashed and the giant financial institutions collapsed or went bankrupted. Even the governments in the wealthiest nations came up with rescue packages to save their financial systems from further worsening. It was soon felt that this global financial meltdown would affect the livelihoods of almost everyone around the world in an increasingly inter-connected world (Shah, 2010). The paper will highlight on various factors of global economic crisis of 2008-2009 with major focus on the US economy and how far the key actors of the American government are successful in curbing the evil effects of the crisis on the US economy. The world economic crisis of 2008- 2009 can be attributed mainly to the combination of world macroeconomic imbalances and serious weaknesses in the U.S. and the western financial structure. The US exports in 1975, exceeded the foreign imports by an amount of $12, 400 million. But that was the last trade surplus the United States saw in the 20th century. By 1987, the American trade deficit   swelled to $153,300 million. The deficit diminished a

Article of Confederation Essay Example for Free

Article of Confederation Essay The first constitution was written in the United States was called the â€Å"Articles of Confederation. † It established a loose league of friendship between thirteen sovereign states and proposed that each state have its sovereignty, freedom, and independence. The Articles of Confederation approve in 1781, which led to a period of crisis between the years 1781 and 1789. This period refer as the Critical Period. The Articles of Confederation was the precursor of the United States Constitution because of the many reasons it had weaknesses and replaced by the United States Constitution. The Constitution of the United States comprises the nations fundamental law, providing the framework for its governance and the principles under which it must operate. When the constitution was written, it was intended to endure for ages, be flexible, and adaptable for future generations. The constitution was intended to be the supreme law of the land. â€Å"To win the required approval from all 13 states, drafters changed the plan and granted the Confederation control of western lands. After four years, the Articles finally won ratification in 1781. † (Created Equal, pg. 77) The Articles of Confederation, which were ratified in 1781, became the first constitution. The Articles of Confederation dealt with three problems: taxation, representation, and the extent of control over western territories. First, the Articles of Confederation weakness was that the central government did not have the power to collect taxes. As the Articles of Confederation illustrate, â€Å"According to the Articles, Congress could not collect taxes or regulate trade; it could only requisition funds from the states. Shares would vary depending on each state’s free population. (Created Equal, pg. 177) Under the Articles of Confederation, the state government can only send its contribution annually to the national government but they cannot be compelled to pay taxes. Due to this huge weakness, many problems arose in the U. S, which were signs of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. The trade agreements Congress had made with other nations were not always carried out. Many people soon started importing goods from other countries that they refused to pay for. Consequently, people in other nations soon became reluctant to trade with the U.  S; even Great Britain closed its commerce to it, which resulted in the loss of a lot of money because of lack of trade. There was also competition among the states, as they started levying taxes on goods passing through them to other states. Taxes are the lifeblood of the nation. Without it, no government machinery will function. Thus, the national government could not perform its functions because it did not have the funds. Second weakness was the enactment of laws. Under the Articles of Confederation, the enactment of laws needed the approval of 9 out of 13 states. The voting obligation is quite high. As a result, five states could easily prevent the enactment of laws, which seriously jeopardized the enactment of laws that needed to be passed. The Articles of Confederation note, â€Å"Moreover, the Confederation had no separate executive branch; executive functions fell to various committees of the Confederation Congress. † (Created Equal, pg. 177) There was no executive branch to institute the policies for the entire nation. As a result, the state governments did not have a cohesive policy that every state government should follow. Consequently, the state governments individually created their own policies. Since there was no national judiciary, the state courts were tasked to interpret laws. As George Mason indicates, â€Å"The Judiciary of the United States is so constructed extended, as to absorb and destroy the Judiciarys of the several States; thereby rendering Law as tedious intricate and expensive, Justice as unattainable, by a great Part of the Community, as in England, and enabling the Rich to oppress ruin the Poor. † (Mason, Paragraph 2, pg. 10) It had become clear that it was necessary to abandon the Articles of Confederation in favor of a constitution that provided for a stronger national government, created a national judiciary and strong Congress. Finally, the United States had different issues that they had to deal with. These were foreign affairs, economic conditions, and Western land. The Articles clarify, â€Å"In addition, to the dismay of land speculators, the Congress would not control the western domains that several large states had claimed. † (Created Equal, pg. 77) The government was weak due to poor economic conditions and the people still feared the power of the central government. These weaknesses posed a threat to the effectiveness of the government. Under the Articles of Confederation, there was a unicameral legislature. There was one house and there were no executive or judiciary branches. Each state had the same number of representatives and their own currency. The states taxed each other and affecting the value of money to decrease and posed a threat to the economic stability of the United States, which was already weak and in need of reformation. The Articles of Confederation was the precursor of the United States Constitution because of the many reasons it had weaknesses and replaced by the United States Constitution. It brought the colonies together as a loose confederation with the state’s rights being more important than the power of the federal government. Even though the government under the Articles of Confederation was very weak, it was still more democratic because it gave more rights and power to the states. The Articles unified the states under a loose confederation, which lacked a strong, central government. Although the Articles of Confederation had several successes, it created far more weaknesses and failures. The failures of the Articles had to be addressed, so a new constitution was created and drafted at the Constitutional Convention, which determined the many failures of the Articles, and created a strong central government. A controversial issue has been debated over whether the government under the Articles of Confederation or the Constitution was more democratic. The Articles of Confederation created a more democratic government because it gave power to the individual states and to the people.

RFID and Bar Coding Technologies

RFID and Bar Coding Technologies Introduction Barcode is an optical machine-readable representation of data, which shows certain data on certain products. Originally, barcodes represented data in the widths (lines) and the spacing of parallel lines, and may be referred to as linear or 1D (1 dimensional) barcodes or symbologies. They also come in patterns of squares, dots, hexagons and other geometric patterns within images termed 2D (2 dimensional) matrix codes or symbologies. Although 2D systems use symbols other than bars, they are generally referred to as barcodes as well. Barcodes can be read by optical scanners called barcode readers, or scanned from an image by special software. The first use of barcodes was to label railroad cars, but they were not commercially successful until they were used to automate supermarket checkout systems, a task in which they have become almost universal. Their use has spread to many other roles as well, tasks that are generically referred to as Auto ID Data Capture (AIDC). Other systems are attempting to make inroads in the AIDC market, but the simplicity, universality and low cost of barcodes has limited the role of these other systems. It costs 0.5 ¢ (U.S.) to implement a barcode, while passive RFID still costs about 7 ¢ to 30 ¢ per tag. In hospitals bar codes are now used in a number of ways. In blood banks, as has been the case for a number of years now, they have the ability to track blood back to the initial donor. Because of whats happened in the past three or four years in discovering the risk of AIDS, thats very important. And for keeping track of patient numbers, the checking in or out of patients through the bar code on the little wristband that all hospital patients wear is much the same as the check-in/check-out process of buying products. This coding process has just started within the last year or so because its a more efficient way to make sure that when the patient gets two aspirins, he gets billed for those aspirins. In many hospitals about 30 to 40 percent of their total supplies never get charged out to patients because the paperwork involved in billing for two aspirins costs far more than the aspirins, so nobody worries about it. The problem with that is quite obvious. The federal government is getting a great deal tougher on hospitals to increase room rates to cover items like that. The bar code is very efficient at keeping track of supplies. Again, its an easy way to get information into a computer and then do something with it. Additionally, youve been in the department stores, such as Dillards, which now use security tags. And, if youve done what Ive done namely, pay for a sport coat but the clerk forgets to take off the tag, then walk out the door and the whole building comes down on you because that tag is still on there then you know what electronic bar codes are about. These security tags have little transformers in them, which are really another form of bar coding. The same is true if you are, for example, a bank tied in with a grocery store. We now have developed credit cards with bar codes on them such that when you go into the grocery store to cash a check, they dont have to look at your identification or make a telephone call or key your number into a little checker unit. They simply scan it, and instantly the checkout process becomes an information-gathering process, keeping track of what youre buying so that, at the end of that process, out comes not only a tape of your purchases but also some coupons toward purchases for the next time you come in. And the coupons that come out are a function of what you bought. Some ingenious things are now starting to happen along those lines, but its all a function of the same thing. We have the ability to do something with that gigantic bunch of information that heretofore was impossible to process. The bar code is simply a way to do that very efficiently. the last two years of being able to put information into a computer directly by simply talking into a microphone. That ability is probably number of years off, but it is coming. Something along those lines will happen as it becomes more important that you get the data quicker and faster. Information is the new currency of the world. I really believe that. I believe its the key to outsmarting the competition. If you think about it and think about your own concerns and your own businesses, I think youll agree with me. Bar codes provide the information vehicle that you need to make some decisions that involve merchandising and ultimately servicing your customer better. The nichemanship that bar codes help create permits a flexibility that will win out. And well beat the competition hands down. Bar codes are commonsense solutions for many problems involving the collection of information. Defeating the foreign competition will be a relatively simple proposition because of the flexibility we will have and the superior information we have about what our customers really want. 3. Literature Review A review of the literature reveals that very few empirical investigations have been undertaken to quantify the benefits of RFID and Bar coding technologies. The number of articles that discuss RFID technology and its adoption has risen from almost zero in the early 1990s to nearly nine thousand by 2005. Of those studies that have been conducted so far only one dimensional barcodes were studied (Vijayaraman Osyk, 2006). This does not appear to be an accurate representation of the technologies currently used in supply chains and firms. Have companies and researchers become so consumed with the hype that surrounds RFID that they have forgotten about the most widely used technology on this planet bar coding, with five billion barcodes scanned each day across the world and already implemented across diverse businesses and product ranges (Wyld, 2006). Barcodes are part of every product that we buy and has become theâ€Å"ubiquitous standard for identifying and tracking products† (Wyld, 2006, p. 157) Traditional bar coding is coupled with the Universal Product Code (UPC) and every day accounts for billions of scans all over the world. According to a survey conducted by Zebra Technologies in 2006, over 96% of European companies cited improved efficiency as the main benefit of using bar coding. Other reasons that European companies gave for using barcodes were: increasing the accuracy of ordering and invoicing (32%), cost reduction (26%), and the fact that newer technology isnt ready yet (16%) (â€Å"Accuracy tops UK†, 2006). Within the Auto-ID family, a new two-dimensional system of bar coding has evolved which allows barcodes to hold more data than the traditional method. Product data is encoded in both horizontal and vertical dimensions and, as more data is encoded, the size of the barcode can be increased in both the horizontal and vertical directions thus maintaining a manageable shape for easy scanning and product packaging specifications (â€Å"2D Barcodes Explained†, 2007; Shaked, Levy, Baharavl, Yen, 2001). Two-dimensional barcodes are already being used for concert tickets by sending a barcode to a mobile phone and then scanning the message at the door by a laser gun. In Japan, mobile phones are being adapted to scan two-dimensional barcodes placed in magazines adverts. The barcode is scanned and connects the mobile to the internet and shows the user the film clip or plays the ring tones. Further developments in the lasers used to scan barcodes help improve the efficiency and speed in which barcodes can be scanned (Dearne, 2006; Ishii, 2004; Suzuki, 2006). Example, they are adversely affected if they are brought into contact with metal and liquids. The signal frequency that RFID uses is also subject to interference as they are commonly used by other technologies, and RFID standards as yet have not assigned a lone frequency for RFID transmissions (Clarke et al, 2005; Forcino, 2004; Ranky, 2006) Barcodes, though, can be printed on durable materials and are not affected by substrate materials or electromagnetic emissions, all of which lend them a competitive edge in some industries and environments. Improvements in how barcodes are printed are evolving all the time as manufacturers strengthen the barcode system. Two-dimensional barcodes can be read even when damaged, so this further shortens the gap between the two technologies (â€Å"Barcode scanners†, 2007; Dover, 1995). Developments in the range at which barcodes can be scanned similarly reduce the apparent performance gap between RFID and bar coding (â€Å"Wide ranging barcode scanner,† 2007). It is questionable why there has been no significant research around these developments that can purportedly improve the quality and performance of existing systems. 4.Methodology This report is depending on the secondary data include both raw data and published summaries. Most organizations collect and store a variety of data to support their operations consumer research organizations collect data are subsequently by different clients. A growing variety haves been deposited in and are available from data archives. In addition, the vast majority of companies and professional organizations have their own Internet sites from which data may be obtained. 4.1Questionnaires: Questionnaire can be conducted in different form: telephone, Internet or postal. The data from each of these techniques needs to be reliable and valid. Bell (1997), suggests there are seven questions types, verbal or open, list, ranking, scale, category, quantity and grid. Questionnaires can be use to gather information from respondents on for example there: Beliefs Demographic characteristic Knowledge Attitudes. The questions fall into two main categories, demographic and content questions, the demographic seek information about the respondents such as age, occupancy, and so on. The content questions are dealing with the subject being surveyed, and ask about the respondents opinions, attitudes, perceptions and behaviors. 4.2 Interviews Interviews are time consuming it is a highly subjective technique and therefore there is always the damage of bias. Analyzing responses can present problems, and wording the questions is almost as demarking for interviews as it is for questionnaires. Interviews can be divided into many sub areas, and how they are conducted will classify then either as quantitative or qualitative. Structured interviews, use questionnaire but the interview meet respondents and ask the questions face to face. The interviewer must not deviate from the schedule of questions., semi-structured interviews, the researcher will have a list of themes and questions to be covered. Each form has its own advantages and disadvantages. The needed data and each form has its nature shall highly influence which form shall be used and there will be always a reference to the form used to gather given data. 4.3 Field Survey The research methodologies comply of both quantitative and qualitative modes of dates collection and include: background, literature review, questionnaire. In addition research on the literature review of books, Journals and web pages around subject areas. The research shall not follow either positivism nor phenomenological shall it be a hybrid of both- pluralism. Also the writer research methods are deductive where the writer shall be formulating certain hypothesis and then shall test those hypotheses through data collected. 5.Barcode applications in practical life Uses barcode technology has no limits; it is medicine for trade and education for tourism. For example, bar code scanning can be used on some merchandise to give the buyer more information about the product. This is what started applying a global fast food, and had ensured that with each fund and a small meal that contains health information on the meal. In the field of medicine can provide some medical drugs contain a link to the property and its medical. Barcode can also be used in tourism by providing tourist guidebooks containing the bar code symbol for the particular tourism can benefit from it to access the required information or to find out more about the region. It also began the spread of bar code scanning as an alternative to postage stamps and seals. Even in foreign restaurants do put the code bar code menu to be translated from one language to another. Finally barcode applications in education, many of them to provide the student with the code bar code after the end of the lecture scans the code, and routing mobile phone site article on the network to work after the exam to download calendar of what has been explained, or ask a question is confused by his understanding. The technological developments in mobile barcode technology have made it available to all. Enough to have a supported mobile phone camera and supports the third generation to be able to take advantage and experience of the barcode technology. Known as a barcode label product globally and locally in the form of the device can designed to be read being picked up and sent to a file of information within the computer and to obtain information for a particular product with the utmost precision, speed, and a code number of data products, which facilitates the operations as follows: It contacts the abolition of manual data and easy access to data with speed and accuracy in identifying the products and Electronic control of production lines and handling of raw materials. Moreover, control the movement of electronically stores with ease and speed of trading through the distribution channels and thus reduce costs and satisfy customers. Also it is easy handling and circulation of goods at point of sale and easy follow-up product at any point during the stages of manufacturing, storage, supply, distribution and sale and the final follow-up services. It is communication through the exchange of information electronically criteria. Furth more, it is collecting and presenting information in a fast, accurate and reliable in strategic planning for the production of marketing. Also it reduces the size of inventory and reduce losses resulting from the expiration of products and increase the value added of the product and raise its competitiveness in both domestic or world ma rkets through find a way to exchange data globally agreed. In additional it is coding of products in accordance with the Code is the image of a civilized world and keep abreast of globalization and trade developments international and WTO requirements. Also the numbering of the product in the form of bar code and a simple, inexpensive process to facilitate data retrieval automatically and raising the efficiency of customer service to expedite the sale and payment. In point-of-sale management, the use of barcodes can provide very detailed up-to-date information on key aspects of the business, enabling decisions to be made much more quickly and with more confidence. For example: Fast-selling items can be identified quickly and automatically reordered to meet consumer demand, and Slow-selling items can be identified, preventing a build-up of unwanted stock, The effects of repositioning a given product within a store can be monitored, allowing fast-moving more profitable items to occupy the best space and historical data can be used to predict seasonal fluctuations very accurately. Items may be re-priced on the shelf to reflect both sale prices and price increases. This technology also enables the profiling of individual consumers, typically through a voluntary registration of discount cards. While pitched as a benefit to the consumer, this practice is considered to be potentially dangerous by privacy advocates. Besides sales and inventory tracking, barcodes are very useful in shipping/receiving/tracking. When a manufacturer packs a box with any given item, a Unique Identifying Number (UID) can be assigned to the box. A relational database can be created to relate the UID to relevant information about the box; such as order number, items packed, qty packed, final destination, etc. The information can be transmitted through a communication system such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) so the retailer has the information about a shipment before it arrives. Shipments that are sent to a Distribution Center (DC) are tracked before being forwarded to the final destination. When the shipment gets to the final destination, the UID gets scanned, so the store knows where the order came from, whats inside the box, and how much to pay the manufacturer. The reason barcodes are business-friendly is that the scanners are relatively low cost and extremely accurate compared to key-entry, with only about 1 substitution error in 15,000 to 36 trillion characters entered. The exact error rate depends on the type of barcode. 6. References: Tony Seideman, Barcodes Sweep the World, barcoding.com Wonders of Modern Technology George Laurer, Development of the U.P.C. Symbol, bellsouthpwp.net Nelson, Benjamin (1997). From Punched Cards To Bar Codes. Varchaver, Nicholas (2004-05-31). Scanning the Globe. Fortune. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/05/31/370719/index.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-27. Selmeier, Bill (2008). Spreading the Barcode. pp. 26, 214, 236, 238, 244, 245, 236, 238, 244, 245. ISBN 978-0-578-02417-2. Bishop, Tricia (July 5 2004). UPC bar code has been in use 30 years. SFgate.com. http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/07/05/BUG6Q7G4AJ1.DTLtype=business. Retrieved 22 December 2009.